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J. Biochem, 1988, Vol. 103, No. 4 682-687
© 1988 Japanese Biochemical Society

research-article

Different Fine Binding Specificities of Monoclonal Antibodies to Disialosylganglioside GD21

Tadashi Tai*, Ikuo Kawashima*, Nobuhiko Tada** and Kazuo Dairiki***

* Department of Oncology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113
** Department of Pathology, Tokai University School of Medicine Isehara, Kanagawa 250-11
*** Meiji Institute of Health Science Odawara, Kanagawa 250

The fine structural specificities of six monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to ganglioside GD2, Ga1NAc,ß1->4(NeuAc{alpha}2->8NeuAc{alpha}2->3)Galß1->4Glc-Cer, were studied. The binding specificities of these MAbs were found to differ from each other by virtue of their binding to structurally related authentic standard glycolipids as revealed by three different assay systems, including enzyme immunostaining on thin-layer chromatography, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and immune adherence inhibition assay. The MAbs examined could be divided into three binding types. MAbs A1-201, A1-410, and A1-425 bound specifically to ganglioside GD2 and none of the other gangliosides tested. Two other MAbs (A1-245 and A1-267) reacted not only with GD2, but also with several other gangliosides having the sequence NeuAc{alpha}2->8NeuAc{alpha}2{uparrow}3Gal (GD3, GD1b, GT1a, GT1b, and GQlb). The reactivities with these gangliosides varied to some degree. In addition, these MAbs were found to react with both GD3(NeuAc-NeuAc) and GD3(NeuGc-NeuAc), but not with GD3(NeuAc-NeuGc) or GD3(NeuGc-NeuGc). The last MAb (A1–287) also reacted with several other gangliosides but with lower avidity than A1-245 and A1-267. These findings suggest that each MAb to ganglioside GD2 may have an individual binding specificity and avidity. These MAbs represent potentially useful reagents for analyzing the function of GD2 on cell surface membranes, and provide a system for precisely studying the interactions between an anti-ganglioside antibody and the binding epitope of the antigenic determinant.

1This work was supported in part by a grant from the Science and Technology Agency of Japan and a Grant-in-aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan.


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