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J. Biochem, 2004, Vol. 135, No. 1 7-16
© 2004 The Japanese Biochemical Society

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

A Hamster Temperature-Sensitive Alanyl-tRNA Synthetase Mutant Causes Degradation of Cell-Cycle Related Proteins and Apoptosis

Yonggang Wang, Takeshi Sekiguchi, Eishi Noguchi* and Takeharu Nishimoto§

Department of Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582

We have isolated a temperature-sensitive alanyl-tRNA synthetase mutant from hamster BHK21 cells, designated as ts ET12. It has a single nucleotide mutation, converting the 321st amino acid residue, 321Gly, to Arg. The mutation was localized between two RNA-binding domains of alanyl-tRNA synthetase. Thus far, we have isolated two temperature-sensitive aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase mutants from the BHK21 cell line: ts BN250 and ts BN269. They are defective in histidyl- and lysyl-tRNA synthetase respectively. Both mutants rapidly undergo apoptosis at the nonpermissive temperature, 39.5°C. ts ET12 cells, however, did not undergo apoptosis until 48 h after a temperature-shift to 39.5°C, while mutated alanyl-tRNA synthetase of ts ET12 cells was lost within 4 h. Loss of the mutated alanyl-tRNA synthetase was inhibited by a ubiquitin-dependent proteasome inhibitor, MG132, and by a protein-synthesis inhibitor, cycloheximide. Cell-cycle related proteins were also lost in ts ET12 cells at 39.5°C, as shown in ts BN250. In contrast, the mutated aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases of ts BN250 and ts BN269 were stable at 39.5°C. However, the defects of these mutants released EMAPII, an inducer of apoptosis at 39.5°C. No release of EMAPII occurred in ts ET12 cells at 39.5°C, consistent with the delay of apoptosis in these cells.

* Present address: Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, 92037, USA.

§ To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +81-92-642-6175, Fax: +81-92-642-6183, E-mail: tnishi{at}molbiol.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp


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