J. Biochem, 2004, Vol. 136, No. 2 123-126
© 2004 The Japanese Biochemical Society
JB MINIREVIEWS |
Physiological Roles of SAPK/JNK Signaling Pathway
Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033
Stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK) is activated by many types of cellular stresses and extracellular signals. Recent studies, including the analysis with knockout mice, have led to progress towards understanding the physiological roles of SAPK/JNK activation in embryonic development in addition to immune responses. SAPK/JNK activation plays essential roles in organogenesis during mouse development by regulating cell survival, apoptosis, and proliferation. Two SAPK/JNK activators, SEK1 and MKK7, are required for fetal liver formation and full activation of SAPK/JNK, which responds to various stimuli in an all-or-none manner. This article focuses on physiological roles of SAPK/JNK activation in fetal liver formation and in apoptosis regulation.
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +81-3-5841-4754, Fax: +81-3-5841-4751, E-mail: nishina{at}mol.f.u-tokyo.ac.jp
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