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J. Biochem, 2004, Vol. 136, No. 4 477-483
© 2004 The Japanese Biochemical Society

BIOCHEMISTRY

Production of 1,2-Didocosahexaenoyl Phosphatidylcholine by Bonito Muscle Lysophosphatidylcholine/Transacylase

Kaoru Hirano1, Hidetoshi Matsui1, Tamotsu Tanaka1, Fumito Matsuura2, Kiyoshi Satouchi1,* and Tohru Koike3

1 Department of Applied Biological Science and 2 Department of Biotechnology, Fukuyama University, Fukuyama 729-0292; and 3 Department of Functional Molecular Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Kasumi 1-2-3, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551

1,2-Didocosahexaenoyl phosphatidylcholine (PC), which has highly unsaturated fatty acid at both sn-1 and sn-2 positions of glycerol, is a characteristic molecular species of bonito muscle. To examine the involvement of a de novo route in its synthesis, the molecular species of phosphatidic acid (PA) were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry using a 1,3-bis[bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amino]propan-2-olato dizinc(II) complex, a novel phosphate-capture molecule. However, 1,2-didocosahexaenoyl species could not be detected. Next, 1,2-didocosahexaenoyl PC synthesis by the cytosolic lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC)/transacylase was examined using endogenous LPC from bonito muscle, in which the 2-docosahexaenoyl species is abundant. The LPC/transacylase synthesized 1,2-didocosahexaenoyl PC as the most abundant molecular species. For further characterization, the LPC/transacylase was purified to homogeneity from the 100,000 x g supernatant of bonito muscle. The isolated LPC/transacylase is a labile glycoprotein with molecular mass of 52 kDa including a 5-kDa sugar moiety. The LPC/transacylase showed a PC synthesis (transacylase activity) below and above the critical micelle concentration of substrate LPC, and fatty acid release (lysophospholipase activity) was always smaller than the transacylase activity, even with a monomeric substrate. These results suggest that the LPC/transacylase is responsible for the synthesis of 1,2-didocosahexaenoyl PC.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Phone: +81 84 936 2112 (Ext. 4051), Fax: +81 84 936 2459, E-mail: satouchi{at}fubac.fukuyama-u.ac.jp


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[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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