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Journal of Biochemistry 2005 137(3):243-247; doi:10.1093/jb/mvi052
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© 2005 The Japanese Biochemical Society

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Regulatory Mechanisms of Dynamin-Dependent Endocytosis

Kohji Takei*, Yumi Yoshida and Hiroshi Yamada

Department of Neuroscience, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, 2-5-1 Shikatacho, Okayamashi, Okayama 700-8558

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Phone: +81-86-235-7120, Fax: +81-86-235-7126, E-mail: kohji{at}md.okayama-u.ac.jp

ABSTRACT

Extensive studies on endocytosis in the last decade have resulted in identification of several key molecules that function in clathrin- and dynamin-dependent endocytosis. Most endocytic molecules contain multiple binding motifs that mediate protein–protein or protein–lipid interactions, which must be modulated spatially and temporally during endocytosis. Regulation of these interactions is the molecular basis of regulatory mechanisms involved in endocytosis. This review first describes current models of the mechanism of dynamin-dependent fission, then introduces several mechanisms that modulate dynamin GTPase activity and dynamin-dependent vesicle formation. Such mechanisms include regulation by inositol phospholipids, especially phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PtdIns(4,5)P2], and their metabolism. It concludes by describing the regulation of dynamin 1 by its binding partner, amphiphysin 1, and regulation by cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5)–dependent phosphorylation of dynamin 1 and amphiphysin 1. These mechanisms help endocytic molecules to function properly, and cooperatively regulate dynamin-dependent endocytosis.


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