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Journal of Biochemistry 2005 138(4):399-412; doi:10.1093/jb/mvi136
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© 2005 The Japanese Biochemical Society

Regular Paper

Expression of Adipose Differentiation-Related Protein (ADRP) Is Conjointly Regulated by PU.1 and AP-1 in Macrophages

Ping Wei1, Susumu Taniguchi1, Yoshiyuki Sakai1, Minako Imamura2, Toyoshi Inoguchi2, Hajime Nawata2,3, Shinya Oda4, Yusaku Nakabeppu4, Junji Nishimura1 and Shoichiro Ikuyama1

1 Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Immunobiology and Neuroscience, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Beppu 874-0838; and 2 Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 3 CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, and 4 Division of Neurofunctional Genomics, Department of Immunobiology and Neuroscience, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Phone: +81-977-27-1640, Fax: +81-977-27-1641, E-mail: ikuyama{at}tsurumi.beppu.kyushu-u.ac.jp

ADRP is associated with intracellular lipid droplets. We demonstrate the regulatory mechanism for ADRP expression in RAW264.7 macrophages. The ADRP mRNA expression was stimulated by PMA, and synergistically enhanced in association with its protein level in the presence of lipids. A proteasome inhibitor protected the protein from degradation under the lipid-free conditions. One of the possible sites of the PMA action was proved to be an Ets/AP-1 element in the promoter, since mutations of this site reduced the PMA-induced promoter activity, and ligation of this element led to a significant increase in the PMA-responsiveness of homologous or heterologous promoters. Mutations of this site diminished the synergistic effect on the promoter activity induced by PMA and oleic acid, suggesting a possible interaction between this site and the downstream PPAR{delta} site. EMSA revealed that PU.1 and AP-1 conjointly bound to this site. The juxtaposition of the two sequences was requisite for full activity, since spacer sequences between them decreased the PMA-induced activity. PI3 kinase inhibitor was found to reduce the PMA-induced mRNA expression and promoter activity in parallel with PU.1/AP-1 complex formation on EMSA. From these results, we concluded that the Ets/AP-1 site is an important cis-acting element that regulates the ADRP gene expression in macrophages.


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