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Journal of Biochemistry Advance Access originally published online on February 21, 2007
Journal of Biochemistry 2007 141(4):443-451; doi:10.1093/jb/mvm061
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© 2007 The Japanese Biochemical Society.

JB Reviews

Regulation of Wnt Signalling by Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

Akira Kikuchi* and Hideki Yamamoto

Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan

*To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: 81-82-257-5130, Fax: 81-82-257-5134, E-mail: akikuchi{at}hiroshima-u.ac.jp

Received February 1, 2007; Accepted February 13, 2007


  Abstract

Wnts compromise a large family of secreted and hydrophobic glycoproteins that control a variety of developmental and adult processes in all metazoan organisms. Recent advances in the field of Wnt signalling have revealed that Wnt activates multiple intracellular cascades, resulting in the regulation of cellular proliferation, differentiation, migration and polarity. However, it is not clear how Wnt activates these pathways after it binds to the receptors. It has been shown that Wnt and its antagonist Dickkopf are internalized with their receptors. This review highlights distinct endocytic pathways correlate with specificity of Wnt signalling events.

Key Words: endocytosis, Frizzled, low-density-lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5/6, post-translational modification, Wnt

Abbreviations: AMF, autocrine motility factor; ß2AR, ß2-adrenergic receptor; CCVs, clathrin-coated vesicles; CK1, casein kinase 1; CME, clathrin-mediated endocytosis; CRD, cysteine-rich domain; Dkk, Dickkopf; EGF, epidermal growth factor; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; Fz, Frizzled; GPCR, G protein-coupled receptors; GPI, glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol; GSK-3, glycogen synthase kinase-3; HSPG, heparin-sulfate-modified proteoglycan; JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase; Krm, Kremen; Lef, lymphoid enhancer factor; LDLR, low-density-lipoprotein receptor; LRP5/6, low-density-lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5/6; PCP, planar cell polarity; PKC, protein kinase C; por, porcupine; Rho-kinase, Rho-associated kinase; sFRP2, soluble Frizzled-related protein; shi, shibire; Tcf, T cell factor; TGF-ß, transforming growth factor-ß; Wg, Wingless


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G.-H. Kim, J.-H. Her, and J.-K. Han
Ryk cooperates with Frizzled 7 to promote Wnt11-mediated endocytosis and is essential for Xenopus laevis convergent extension movements
J. Cell Biol., September 22, 2008; 182(6): 1073 - 1082.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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