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Journal of Biochemistry Advance Access originally published online on April 3, 2007
Journal of Biochemistry 2007 141(5):609-614; doi:10.1093/jb/mvm091
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© 2007 The Japanese Biochemical Society.

JB Minireviews-Genome Decoding Systems

Role of Histone Modification in Chromatin Dynamics

Takashi Ito

Department of Biochemistry, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan

To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +81-95-849-7037, Fax: +81-95-849-7040, E-mail: tito{at}net.nagasaki-u.ac.jp

Received September 25, 2006; Accepted March 25, 2007


  Abstract

The covalent modification of histone tails has emerged as a crucial step in controlling the eucaryotic genomes. Eucaryotic cells must possess mechanisms for condensing and decondensing chromatin. Moreover, chromatin condensation is particularly evident during mitosis and apoptotic cell death, whereas chromatin relaxation is necessary for replication, repair, recombination and transcription. The post-translational modifications of histone tails such as reversible acetylation, phosphorylation and methylation play a critical role in dynamic condensation/relaxation that occurs during the cell cycle. Histone phosphorylation is believed to play a direct role in mitosis, cell death, repair, replication and recombination. In this review, we discuss recent progress in studies of histone phosphorylation.

Key Words: chromatin, histone code, NHK-1, nucleosome, modification, transcription


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