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Journal of Biochemistry Advance Access originally published online on January 2, 2008
Journal of Biochemistry 2008 143(3):425-433; doi:10.1093/jb/mvm243
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© 2008 The Japanese Biochemical Society.

Role of HPF (Hibernation Promoting Factor) in Translational Activity in Escherichia coli

Masami Ueta1, Ryosuke L. Ohniwa2, Hideji Yoshida1, Yasushi Maki1, Chieko Wada2,3 and Akira Wada1,3,*

1Department of Physics, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686; 2Laboratory of Plasma Membrane and Nuclear Signalling, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwake, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502; and 3Yoshida Biological Laboratory, Yamashina, Kyoto 607-8081, Japan

*To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Tel: +81-72-684-7023, Fax: +81-72-684-7023, E-mail: phy003{at}art.osaka-med.ac.jp

Received October 24, 2007; Accepted December 4, 2007


  Abstract

During the stationary phase of growth in Escherichia coli, ribosome modulation factor (RMF) and hibernation promoting factor (HPF) dimerize most 70S ribosomes to form 100S ribosomes. The process of 100S formation has been termed ‘ribosomal hibernation’. Here, the contributions of HPF to 100S formation and translation were analysed in vitro. HPF bound to, but did not dimerize the 70S ribosome. RMF dimerized and formed immature 90S ribosomes. Binding of both HPF and RMF converted 90S ribosomes to mature 100S ribosomes, which is consistent with the in vivo data. The role of HPF in in vitro translation also was investigated. In an artificial mRNA poly (U)-dependent phenylalanine incorporation assay, HPF bound to ribosomal particles and inhibited translation. In contrast, in a natural MS2 mRNA-dependent leucine incorporation assay, bound HPF was removed and hardly inhibited normal translation. Multiple alignment and phylogenetic analyses indicates that the hibernation system mediated by the HPF homologue, RMF and 100S ribosome formation may be specific to the proteobacteria gamma group. In contrast, most bacteria have at least one HPF homologue, and these homologues can be classified into three types, long HPF, short HPF and YfiA.

Key Words: hibernation promoting factor (HPF), 100S ribosome, ribosomal hibernation, stationary phase, translation

Abbreviations: HPF, hibernation promoting factor; RMF, ribosome modulation factor


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