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Journal of Biochemistry Advance Access originally published online on September 19, 2008
Journal of Biochemistry 2008 144(5):685-690; doi:10.1093/jb/mvn122
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© 2008 The Japanese Biochemical Society

Expression and Secretion of N-acylethanolamine-hydrolysing Acid Amidase in Human Prostate Cancer Cells

Jun Wang1,2,*, Li-Ying Zhao1,3,*, Toru Uyama1, Kazuhito Tsuboi1, Xiu-Xian Wu4, Yoshiyuki Kakehi4 and Natsuo Ueda1,{dagger}

1Department of Biochemistry, Kagawa University School of Medicine, Kagawa, Japan; 2Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital; 3Department of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China; and 4Department of Urology, Kagawa University School of Medicine, Kagawa, Japan

{dagger}To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +81-87-891-2102, Fax: +81-87-891-2105, E-mail: nueda{at}med.kagawa-u.ac.jp

Received July 14, 2008; Accepted September 8, 2008


  Abstract

N-acylethanolamines (NAEs) are a class of bioactive lipid molecules in animal tissues, including the endocannabinoid anandamide and the anti-inflammatory substance N-palmitoylethanolamine. Enzymatic hydrolysis of NAEs is considered to be an important step to regulate their endogenous levels. Lysosomal NAE-hydrolysing acid amidase (NAAA) as well as fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) is responsible for this reaction. Here, we report relatively high expression of NAAA in human prostate cancer cells (PC-3, DU-145 and LNCaP) and prostate epithelial cells (PrEC), with the highest mRNA level in LNCaP cells. FAAH and the NAE-forming enzyme N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine-hydrolysing phospholipase D (NAPE-PLD) were also detected in these cells. NAAA activity in LNCaP cells could be distinguished from coexisting FAAH activity, based on their different pH dependency profiles and specific inhibition of FAAH activity by URB597. These results showed that both the enzymes were functionally active. We also found that NAAA was partly secreted from LNCaP cells, which underlined possible usefulness of this enzyme as a biomarker of prostate cancer.

Key Words: N-acylethanolamine, anandamide, endocannabinoid, LNCaP cell, lysosomal enzyme

Abbreviations: FAAH, fatty acid amide hydrolase; FCS, fetal calf serum; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; HEK, human embryonic kidney; NAAA, N-acylethanolamine-hydrolysing acid amidase; NAE, N-acylethanolamine; NAPE-PLD, N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine-hydrolysing phospholipase D; NOE, N-oleoylethanolamine; NPE, N-palmitoylethanolamine; TLC, thin layer chromatography

*These authors contributed equally to this work.


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