J. Biochem, 1982, Vol. 92, No. 5 1457-1468
© 1982 Japanese Biochemical Society
research-article |
Molecular Properties and Functions In Vitro of Chicken Smooth-Muscle 
-Actinin in Comparison with Those of Striated-Muscle -Actinins1
Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, The University of Tsukuba Sakura-mura, Niihari-gun, Ibaraki 305
-Actinin purified from chicken gizzard smooth muscle was characterized in comparison with -actinins from chicken striated muscles, or fast-skeletal muscle, slow-skeletal muscle, and cardiac muscle. The gizzard -actinin molecule consisted of two apparently identical subunits with a molecular weight of 100,000 on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, as do striated-muscle -actinins. Its isoelectric points in the presence of urea were similar to the striated-muscle counterparts. Despite these similarities, distinctive amino acid sequences between smooth-muscle -actinin and striated-muscle -actinins were revealed by peptide mapping using limited proteolysis in SDS. Gizzard -actinin was immunologically distinguished from striated-muscle -actinins.
Gizzard -actinin formed bundles of gizzard F-actin as well as of skeletal-muscle F-actin, but could not form any cross-bridges between adjacent actin filaments under conditions where skeletal-muscle -actinin could. Temperature-dependent competition between gizzard -actinin and tropomyosin on binding to gizzard thin filaments was demonstrated by electron microscopic observations. Gizzard -actinin promoted Mg2+-ATPase activity of reconstituted skeletal actomyosin, gizzard acto-skeletal myosin, and gizzard actomyosin. This promoting effect was depressed by the addition of gizzard tropomyosin. These findings imply that, despite structural differences between gizzard and striated-muscle -actinin molecules, they function similarly in vitro, and that gizzard -actinin can interact not only with smooth-muscle actin (
- and ß-actin) but also with skeletal-muscle actin (-actin).
1This study was supported in part by Grants-in-Aid from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan.
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