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Journal of Biochemistry Advance Access originally published online on May 4, 2009
Journal of Biochemistry 2009 146(2):295-306; doi:10.1093/jb/mvp069
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© The Authors 2009. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Japanese Biochemical Society. All rights reserved

Common Skate (Raja kenojei) Secretes Pentraxin into the Cutaneous Secretion: The First Skin Mucus Lectin in Cartilaginous Fish*

Shigeyuki Tsutsui{dagger}, Motoki Yamaguchi, Ai Hirasawa, Osamu Nakamura and Tasuku Watanabe

Laboratory of Fish Pathology, School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, Okirai, Sanriku, Ofunato, Iwate 022-0101, Japan

{dagger}To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +81-192-44-2121, Fax: +81-192-44-2125, E-mail: tsutsui{at}kitasato-u.ac.jp

Received March 13, 2009; Accepted April 28, 2009


  Abstract

A lactose-specific lectin with a molecular mass of about 25 kDa was purified from the skin mucus of a cartilaginous fish—the common skate (Raja kenojei). The complementary DNA sequence of the lectin was 1540 bp long and contained a reading frame encoding 226 amino acids, which showed ~38% identity to pentraxins of mammals and teleosts. Gene expression was observed in the skin, gill, stomach and intestine in the healthy skate. We also identified an isotype gene from the liver whose deduced amino-acid sequence shared 69.0% identity with the skin type gene. The antiserum detected protein in the skin, where the lectin is localized in the epidermal cells, and in the blood plasma. The lectin genes are multicopied in the common skate genome. Although pentraxins are acute phase proteins, mRNAs of both the isotypes were not upregulated after the in vivo challenge with formalin-killed Escherichia coli, which suggests that they are constantly present in the skin mucus and blood plasma to protect against pathogenic invasion. This lectin is the fifth type of lectin found in the cutaneous secretions of fish, demonstrating that skin mucus lectins have evolved with marked molecular diversity in fish.

Key Words: cartilaginous fish, diversity, lectin, pentraxin, skin mucus

Abbreviations: CRP, C-reactive protein; PBS, phosphate-buffered saline; PTX, pentraxin; RACE, rapid amplification of cDNA ends; SAP, serum amyloid P-component; RT, reverse transcription

*The nucleotide and deduced amino-acid sequences reported in this article are available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under accession numbers AB295474 [GenBank] and AB371645.


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