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Journal of Biochemistry Advance Access first published online on September 17, 2009
This version published online on September 27, 2009
Journal of Biochemistry, doi:10.1093/jb/mvp148
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© The authors 2009. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Japanese Biochemical Society. All rights reserved.

JB Review

Bone morphogenetic protein receptors and signal transduction

Kohei Miyazono*, Yuto Kamiya and Masato Morikawa

Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan

*To whom correspondence should be addressed: Prof. Miyazono, Kohei E-mail: miyazono{at}m.u-tokyo.ac.jp

Received August 19, 2009; Accepted September 8, 2009


  Abstract

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) exhibit broad spectra of biological activities in various tissues, including bone, cartilage, blood vessels, heart, kidney, neurons, liver, and lung. BMPs are members of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family that bind to type II and type I serine-threonine kinase receptors, and transduce signals through Smad and non-Smad signaling pathways. Recent findings have revealed that BMP signaling is finely tuned by various mechanisms in both positive and negative fashions. Perturbations of BMP signaling pathways are linked to a wide variety of clinical disorders, including vascular diseases, skeletal diseases, and cancer. Administration of recombinant BMP ligands and increasing endogenous expression of BMPs provide therapeutic effects on some diseases. The recent development of BMP receptor inhibitors may also prove useful for some clinical diseases induced by hyperactivation of the BMP signaling pathways.

Key Words: BMP, GDF, TGF-β, Smad, serine-threonine kinase


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