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J. Biochem, 1992, Vol. 112, No. 1 143-146
© 1992 Japanese Biochemical Society

research-article

The Interaction of Elderberry (Sambucus sieboldiana) Bark Lectin and Sialyloligosaccharides as Detected by 1H-NMR1

Hiroko Takesada*,2, Naoto Shibuya** and Nobuya Nagashima*

*Central Research Laboratories, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki-ku Kawasaki, Kanogawa 210, Tsukuba
**National Institute of Agrobiological Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305

2To whom correspondence should be addressed

The interaction of Japanese elderberry bark lectin (Sambucus sieboldiana agglutinin, SSA) with carbohydrate was investigated by 1H-NMR. When a low affinity ligand, methyl ß-D-galactoside (ßMeGal), was mixed with SSA, each proton signal of ßMeGel was broadened. The signal of H-4 was markedly broad, while those of H-1, OCH3, and H-2 of ßMeGal were rather sharp. The specific broadening of Gal H-4 was more evident when SSA was mixed with methyl-ß-D-lactoside (ßMeLac). Position-dependent signal broadening suggests that ßMeGal binds to SSA such that H-4 is closely involved in the contact region, but H-1, OCH3, and H-2 are far from this region. In the case of a high affinity ligand, Neu5Ac({alpha}2-6)Gal(ß1-4)Glc(=N6L), ligand signals of the SSA-N6L mixture did not change at all. But when a small amount of N6L was added to the SSA-ßMeGal mixture, the broad signals of bound ßMeGal became dramatically sharp. This indicates that the added N6L molecules liberated the bound ßMeGal from SSA. On the other hand, the sialyllactose with the {alpha}(2-3)-linkage(=N3L) could not substitute for bound ßMeGal because of its lower affinity. This demonstrates that the competitive binding experiment between two ligands is a useful technique to detect the interaction of lectins with high affinity ligands which could not be observed directly by NMR signal broadening and/or chemical shift change.

1This work was partly supported by a Grant-in-Aid (Bio Media Program) to N.S. from the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan (BMP 91-VI-1-2).


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