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Journal of Biochemistry Advance Access published online on September 17, 2007
Journal of Biochemistry, doi:10.1093/jb/mvm175
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© 2007 The Japanese Biochemical Society

Prolactin-dependent Expression of GD1{alpha} Ganglioside, as a Component of Milk Fat Globule, in the Murine Mammary Glands

Mikio Momoeda1, Sayaka Fukuta2, Yuriko Iwamori2, Yuji Taketani1 and Masao Iwamori2,*

1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, and 2Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Kinki University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan

*To whom correspondence should be addressed: Masao Iwamori, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Kinki University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan. Tel: +81-6-6721-2332; Fax: +81-6-6723-6721; E-mail: iwamori{at}ife.kindai.ac.jp

Received July 10, 2007; Accepted August 7, 2007


  Abstract

Lactation-associated expression of GD1{alpha}-ganglioside in murine mammary glands was found to be due to the increasing specific activities of Gg4Cer {alpha}2,3- and GM1b {alpha}2,6-sialyltransferases in the glands from 12 d of gestation. The gene for GM1b {alpha}2,6-sialyltransferase, mST6GalNAcV, which was not detected in nonpregnant glands, appeared at 12 d of gestation and increased in the following gestational and lactation periods. At 3 d of lactation, the amounts of lipid-bound sialic acid (LSA) in the mammary glands and milk of HR-1 mice were 99.3±8.5 µg per gram of dried tissue and 2.9 µg per ml, GD1{alpha} comprising 64.0% and 80.5% of the total LSA, respectively, and GD1{alpha} in milk was found to be preferentially distributed in the fat globule fraction. When the mammary epithelial cells at 15 d of gestation were cultured in prolactin- and epidermal growth factor (EGF)-containing media, the synthesis of fat globules and casein, together with the enhanced synthesis of GD1{alpha}, were observed in the cells in prolactin-medium, indicating that synthesis of GD1{alpha} occurs in association with milk production as a prolactin-dependent event. Thus, GD1{alpha} ganglioside, which is characteristically distributed in the cerebellar Purkinje cells of the murine brain, is supplied to neonates through the milk of the mother.

Key Words: {alpha}-series ganglioside, {alpha}2,6-sialyltransferase, mammary epithelial cells, mST6GalNAcV, primary culture


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